Machine



5 Sheets-'Sheet 1.

(Model.)

C. HARRIS R J. FLRTGRRR.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

(Model.) 5 Sheets-Sheet 2'.

C. HARRIS 8 J. PLRTGRRR.

` RARRR RAG MAGRINR.

No. 248,789. Paxted ont. 25,1881.

5 Sh'eets'-'Sheet 3.

R. E H C ml. E L F Tm o@ S Ta..- R R An H C.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 25,-188L 1 I I 1v.

r l a (Model.) 5 Sheetis--SheetJ 4.

C. HARRIS 8v J. FLETCHER.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented om.. 25,1881.

5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

(Model.)

C. HARRIS 8v J.AFLBTGHER.

PAPER BAG MACHINE.

Patented Oct. 25,1881..

Utvrren Samaras Fare-Nr Carica..

CHARLES HARRIS AND JOSEPH FLETCHER, CF MANCHESTER, COUNTY OF LANCASTER, ENGLAND.

PAPER-BAG MACHINE.-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,739, dated October 25, 1881.

Application tiled September 19, 1881. (Model.) Patented inEugland March 14, 1877.

To alt whom it may concern:

Beit known that we, CHARLES HARRIS and JOSEPH FLETCHER, both of Manchester, county of Lancaster, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Paper- Bag-Makiug Machinery, ot' which the tblowing is a specitication.

Cur present invention is the same as that for which British Letters Patent numbered IO 1,014 were granted to us March 1st, 1877.

Our invention relates to machines i'or Inaking square or rectangular paper bags, commonly known as satchelbottomed bags, from a continuous roll of paper, andthe object of our invention is to provide a machine coinprising mechanism for forming paper drawn from a continuous roll into a tube, for feeding such tubeforward through the machine, shears for .cutting such tube to proper lengths to form 2o bags, and toldingmechanism and pastingmechanism tor forming and securing the bottom of the bag.

To this end our invention consists in various details ot' construction and combinations ot' parts, hereina-lter described.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation ot' a machine embodying our invention, certain parts being removed the better to illustrate our invention. Fig. 2 is an end elevation ot' such machine. Fig. 3

is a plan thereof, certain parts being removed the better to illustrate our invention. Figs. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 1() are detail views, illustrating bags in different stages of their manufacture. Fig. 11 is a detail plan ot' the folding mechanism upon an enlarged scale, Fig. 12, a section on line a' x, Fig. 11, Fig. 13, a front view of certain portions of the folding mechanism, Fig. 14, a plan view, upon an enlarged 4o scale, ot' certain of the mechanism for forming the bottom of the bag. Fig. 15 is a vertical section on line y y, Fig. 14; and Figs. 16,17, and 1S are longitudinal sections upon the line w m, Fig.11,sh0wing the folding mechanism in ditt'erent positions.

Similar letters ot' reference designate corresponding parts in all the gures.

In all the views, A A are the cast-iron sides of the frame-work of the machine, bolted together by the cross-piece A', and supporting the table A2.

B is a driving-shaft, to which a continuous revolving` motion is imparted, either by a strap or toothed gearing, or such shaft may be turned by hand by means of a winch-handle, or in any other convenient manner. This driving-shaft carries a spur-pinion, B', gearing into the spurwheel C, securely7 keyed upon a spindle, C', revolving in bearings, one of which is formed in the cast-iron frame-work A, and the other on the bracket C2, bolted to such frame-work, as illustrated. spindle C' carries a tappet or cam-groove for actuating the hinged knives, hereinafter described, and upon the inner extremity ot` the same spindle is mounted an adjustable crankpin, C, to which a rod, C, is connected, (seen dotted in Fig. 1,) this rod being connected at its outer end to a short arm projecting from a pawl, C5, mounted at the extremity of the loose arms C, radiating from the shaft C7. An intermittent motion is communicated to the shaft C7 by the pawl C5, taking into the teeth ot' the spur-wheel E, (keyed upon such sliat`t,) and causing it to turn a partot' a revolution, proportioned to the throw of the crankpin C3, as the rod C4 is pushed in the direction ot' the arrow by the action of the crank-pin C3, and to remain stationary when such rod and pawl are drawn in the opposite direction. The spur-wheel E gears with a pinion, E4, which communicates revolving motion to a pair ot' drawing-rollers, D, and the same intermittent motion is also communicated by the same spurwheel, E, through the spur-pinion E', to a pair ot' endless blanklets o: aprons, (seen dotted in Fig. 1, and in partial outline in Figs. 2 and 3,) one ot' such blankets being marked F, and following the direction ot' the arrows over and around the rollers F5, F6, F', F2, F3, and F4, and the other blanket (marked G) following the direction of the dotted arrows over and around the rollers G3, G2, G', G4, F2, and F3, and back around F4 to G3. The shaft of the blanket-roller G' carries upon its outer eX- tremity a spur-wheel, H, (shown in dotted out- The outer extremity -of this line in Fig. 3,) which gears through a pair of idle spur-wheels, H and H2, with a frictionwheel, H3, hung in an oscillating frame, which rests iu frictional contact with the roll of paper H1, and so assists unwinding of such roll 0f paper in exactly the same surface-speed as the periphery ofthe drawing-rollers I). The sheet of paper indicated by the linein Figs. 1 and 2, and marked 115, first passes round the stretching-rollers 71 and in doing so kone of its edges on the under side comes in contact with the periphery of the paste-wheel IL', revolving in the paste-box h2, and thus receives a longitudinal streak of paste at the iequired distance from the edge. The sheet of paper H5 travels beneath a pair of creasing-wheels, HG, which are adjusted a sufficient distance. apart upon the shaft H1, turning in bearings in the brackets H11, to crease the sheet of paper longitudinally, and of the requisite width of the bags in process of manufacture. This creasing action prepares the sheet of paper H5 for being folded with one edge overlapping the other, which is performed by then passing the central portion (or part between the creases) under the stationary former J2, affixed by the arm J* to the rod J", while the side with the unpasted edge passes beneath the left-hand folder, H9, (seen in Fig. 3,) and is so folded down, and the side with the pasted edge is folded, over lapping the other edge by the right-hand folder, H111, (seen in Fig. 3,) the extreme or outermost longitudinal edges of such folded paper being guided beneath the guide-edges H11. (Seen in Fig. 3.) The paper tube thus formed, and indicated by the letter H1Z in Figs. 3 and 1l, is drawn forward intermittently by the drawingrollers D, (which serve also by their pressure to finish the edges of such paper tube,) and is cut off to the desired length by the blades 1 and I ofthe shears, which are mounted upon the fixed stud 12, and are connected to separate arms (marked 13 and 14, respectively) of the bell-crank lever l5, which is actuated by the tappet or camgroove hereinbefore mentioned.

le will now proceed to describe the meehanism employed for forming the bottom of the bag.

J is a pointed plate, (hereinafter called the spearf?) mounted in a cavity, J, formed in the stationary former J2, so as to be capable of aforward motion, and to project beyond the front edge, J3. of the former immediatelyv after the blades I and 1 of the shears diverge or retire after performing their cutting-ofi` operation. This is effected by connecting such spear by means of a fiat bar, J1, passing through the inside of the paper tube (a small piece of which paper tube H12 is seen broken off in Fig. 11) to a cranked bar, J5, branching from the sleeve JG, mounted upon the rod J1. This sleeve J,

in its turn, is caused to make the necessary fraction of a revolution to give the motion required to the spear J by its arm J8, being connected by a lilik, J9, to a lever, J10, mounted upon the stud J11, affixed to the frame-work A, and which lever is provided on its inner side with a friction bowl or roller, J12, taking into a cam-groove, J, formed in a plate, K,(seen in Figs. 1,3,) affixed on the outside ofthe spurwheel C and revolving therewith.

Beneath the former J2, and projecting' from the front edge of the table A2, as seen more clearly in Fig. 12, is a plate, X, between which and the gage-plate J2 the under portion ofthe paper tube passes. The frontedge of this plate terminates in a line, e e, Fig. 11, drawn through the side angles of lthe gageplate, and which line corresponds with the line indicated by the same letters in all the diagrams. The spear J, when in its foremost position, as indicated in Fig. 14, completes the point of the former J2, and serves to support the upper side of the mouth of the paper tube during the action of the folding mechanism, while at the same time the lower side of such paper tube. projecting beyond the front edge ofthe plate X, is pressed down and caused to gape, as seen in perspective in diagram in Fig. 5, by means of a hinged tongue, JH, which, being hinged atj in a cavity formed in such spear, and by coming in contact with a projection, J15, upon the stationary former J2, has thus been compelled to turn down, as seen in Fig. 15, as the spear J has advanced to its foremost position. (Seen in Fig. 14.) The front of the paper tube is thus prepared and slightly bent over the diago' nal point or extremity of the gage-plate and spear, as seen in diagram, Fig. 5, to insure the proper action of the diagonal folders, which now come into play, (seen best in Fig. 11, and broken effin Fig. 3,) and which are mounted at the extremity of the diagonal shafts L', with their under surfaces above the top surface of the paper tube, and have a half-revolution im parted to them at the proper instant, for the purpose of folding under the corners of the paper tube (marked a and I) in diagram, Fig. 4) to the position indicated by the same letters in diagram, Fig. 7, and which completes what may be termed the first-folding operation.77

1t will be understood that the use of the hinged tongue J1A1 is to cause the mouth ot' the tube to gape as it is turned down, and that its use is necessary to the success of the diagonalfolders.

That portion of the lower side of the paper tube which projects beyond the front edge of the plate X has thus, by the action ofthe diagonal folders L, been turned back and round the front edge of the plate X, and now lies up close against the under surface of such plate, where it forms a corresponding hal fof a square to that formed by the upper side of the paper tube, which remains still supported by the former.

Diagram Fig. 6 shows the paper tube as it appears on the upper side, and Fig. 7 as it appears on the under side upon completion of this first-folding operation.

Each of the diagonal shafts L is geared by IOO IOS

IIO

means of a bevel-pinion,L2, witha bevel-wheel, L11, mounted upon the cranked shaft L4. This shaft L"1 is mounted in bearings L5, aftixed to the frame-work A, and is caused to partially revolve by being provided with an arm, L5, connected by a rod, L1, to a lever, L8, working upon a xed stud, L9, inside the bracket G2, and which lever is provided with a friction bowl or roller, L10, taking into a suitable camgroove, L11, formed in a metallic plate, M, afiiXed on the inside ot' and revolving with the spur-wheel G. The necessary half-revolution to the diagonal folders is thus simultaneously imparted to them by such cam-groove.

It should be here remarked that the spear J commences to retire at the same instant as the diagonal-folders have performed half their motion, and that such spear has assumed the position seen in Fig. 3 by the time such folders have finished their half-revolution. In drawing back the spear the hinged tongue J11 becomes raised to the horizontal position by havingto pass over the bar JM, at'tixed across the former J2 for this purpose.

The tigures 1, marked at the several angles of the diagonal-folders L, and which also appear upon the same parts indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 11, will readily enable the position of such folders to be traced when they have completed their half-revolution, and from which it will be seen that the side edges ot' such folders are turned back at right angles to their former position-viz., up to the line ff, which corresponds with the line indicated by the same letters in diagrams Figs. G, 7, 8, and 9, and shown clearly in Fig. ll-where they for the present rem aiu stationary.

The second folding operation now commences, and consists in bending back and folding under the back point ot' the square marked c in diagram Fig. 7 to the position indicated by the same letter in diagram Fig. 8, and this is performed by a back folder consisting ot' a cranked bar, N, (of peculiar shape, as illustrated, in order to avoid coming in contact with the diagonaliolders,) mounted-in bearings N, and carrying' at its center a plate, N2, which, as it sweeps round, iirst creases the back point of the square marked c, over the sides ot the diagonal-folders and across the line ff, and then returns suiiciently out of the way to allow the diagonal-folders to make their return movement, (the reason of this only partial return movement will appear hereinafter,i and as soon as theyare out ofthe waysuch back-folder again sweeps round and completes the folding under of the back point, c, of the square to the position indicated in diagram Fig. S and in Fig. 18, and thus completes the second portion of the folding operation.

rEhe final-folding operation consists in foldingunderthefrontportion ofthe square marked d in diagram Fig. 8, and this is effected by means ot' a front-folder consisting of a bar, O, mounted in bearings K, carrying at its center a plate, O', which, as it sweeps round in the opposite direction to that of the back-folder,

folds under the front portion of the square marked d, slightly overlappingthe back portion, as indicated by the dotted lines in Fig. 11, and also in Fig. 18 and in diagram Fig. 9. Motion is communicated to the back-folder by its cranked bar N, having a pinion, N5, at one extremity, gearing with a toothed segment, N, mounted upon a fixed stud, N1, and provided with an arm, N11, to which is connected a rod, N9, having its outer extremity `jointed to an arm, N111, depending from a rocking shaft, N11, (seen dotted in Fig. 3,) and which, in its turn, is connected by another arm, N12, and by a link, N13, to a lever, N11, working upon astud, N15, affixed to the frame-work A. This leverI N14 is provided with a friction bowl or roller, N111, taking into a suitable cam-groove, N11, formed in the plate K, hereinbefore mentioned. Motion is alsocommunicated to the front-folder in a similar manner byits barO, havinga pinion, O2, atone extremity gearing with a toothed segment, O3, mounted upon a fixed stud, O1, and provided with an arm, O5, to which is connected a rod, OG, having its other extremity jointed to a lever, O1, working upon a stud, O11, affixed to the bracket G2, this lever O1 being provided with a friction-bowl, 09, taking into a suitable cani-groove formed in the plate M, hereinbefore mentioned.

The necessary pasting ofthe parts which require to adhere together is effected by the action of a pair of endless pastingcords, P and P', which pass through a trough, P2, containing paste, and thence over the, pulleys P3 upon thc stud l2, and round their respective pulleys P1, 15, and P11, mounted upon the back side of each of the blades of the shears, intermittent motion being communicated to these pastingcords by the bevel wheels P1, gearing with the shaft ofthe blanket-roller G2. 1t will thus be readily apparent that immediately after the blades l and I have performed their cutting oli' operation the pasting-cords carried bysuch blades are brought in contact with the upper and lower sides otx the extremity of the paper tube H12, (seen projecting in Fig. 11,) and thus lay a streak ot' paste thereon at the required distance from and parallel with the newly cutoff edge of such paper tube, and as indicated by the dotted line g g in Fig. 11.

We will now proceed to describe the action of the machine: The hinged knives having come together and cut ott' a bag and pasted the necessarylengthofpapertube,asjustdescribed, then rise up to make way for the folding mechanism, and at the same time the spear J is advanced to its foremost position, as seen in Figs. 11 and 14, and the mouth of the paper tube caused to gape, as hereinbefore described. The cam-groove operating on the lever L8 is now timed to give a half-revolution to the diagonalfolders, which assume the dotted position seen in Fig. 11, and the canrgroovc operating' the lever J10,in its turn, has meanwhile withdrawn the spear, as seen in Fig. 3. The first-folding operation, in forming the bottomof the bag, is now completed. NVhile the diagonal-folders reg IOO IOS

IIO

main in thislastnamed position, the first action in the second-folding operation commencesviz., the folding back ofthe point ofthe square marked c in Fig. 7 to the position seen in diagram Fig. 8. This is effected by the cam-groove operating the lever NM, causingthe back-folder plate N2 to make a complete throw, as indicated by the dotted arc in Fig. 12. The back-foldingplate N2 now retires for an instant to make way for the return movement of the diagonalfolders L; but it will be obvious that in the absence of' some special lneans of' supporting the paper tube while no longer held by either the diagonal-folders or the back-f'older, the same might partially fall; andto prevent this we provide a pair ofspringfingers, Land Z, mounted upon the pivots m on the under side of the plate X. By the pull of a spring or weight in the direction of' the arrow (see Fig. l2) these fingers always tend to move upward into contact with the under plate, X, to the position seen dotted in Fig. l2, but when thc backfolder N has fully returned it comes in contact with, and, overcoming the pull ofthe spring or weight, so draws down such fingers into the position seen in Fig. l2. It will thus be obvious that as the back-folder makes its first movement, the spring or weight being relieved, the fingers go up with it and support the uuder side of' the bag in course of formation. As the diagonal-folders are returning the backf'olding plate N2 only retires sufficiently far to allow them to pass, the fingers It' and Zin the meantime. remaining in the dotted position seen in Fig. l2 to support the bottom of the bag. The next sweep round of' the backf'older then perfects the folding under of the back point of the square marked c, and comv pletes the second-foldingoperation. The backf'olding plate N2 now remains up in contact. with the paper, in order that its front edge may serve as a support around which the front point of the square marked d in the diagrams is bent by the action of' the frontfolding plate O', which now comes into play. The bottom of' the bag being thus completed, the front-folder now resumes its first position, and the drawing-rollers D, commencing to revolve, cause the bag to be advanced through the now open shears, and to be received between the traveling blankets F G, at which instant the backf'oldcr retires, and the knives then immediately close and cut off such bag to the desired length. The cut-offl bag then continues to travel between the blankets, and thus, while carried by such blankets around the blanketrollers, is pressed together to insure the proper adhesion of" the pasted parts, and is finally ejected from such blankets onto the table Y. Fig. l() shows the bottom of a bag when finally opened out.

From the foregoing it will be apparent that the various movements ofthe folding mechanism are all imparted by the cam-plates K and M, affixed to and revolving with the spur-wheel C, and the position of these grooves should be timed so as to enable the several operations to be performed in their proper order.

In conclusion, we would remark that this machine is adjustable in all necessary parts, so as to be capable of manufacturing various sizes of bags.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a machine for making paper bags from a continuous roll of' paper, the combination of mechanism for forming the sheet of paper into a continuous tube, mechanism f'or feeding said tube through the machine, shears for cutting the same into proper lengths to form bags, pulleys attached to one of the blades of said shears, and a cord or belt carrying paste or other adhesive substance passing over said pulleys, so that when the tube is cut off by the shears the required parts will be covered with paste or other adhesive substance by the said cord or belt passing over them, all substantially as specified.

2. In a machine for making paper bags from a continuous sheet of' paper, the combination of mechanism for forming the sheet of' paper into a continuous tube, mechanism f'or feeding said tube through the machine, shears for cutting said tube into lengths to form bags, composed of two blades pivoted to afixed center, and having arms extending from the ends opposite their cuttingedges, a hell-crank lever, rods connecting said bell-crank lever with the arms of said shear-blades, and a cam for imparting to said bell-crank lever an oscillating motion, whereby, when the tube is moved for ward between the blades by the feeding mechanism, the said blades are operated to cut off the tube, all substantially as specified.

3. In a machine for making paper bags from a continuous roll of' paper, the combination of mechanism for forming the sheet of paper into a continuous tube, mechanism for feeding said tube through the machine, shears for cutting said tube into lengths to form bags, folders secured to oscillating shafts extending trans versely to said tube, pinious mounted on said shafts, toothed sectors or segments engaging with said pinions, a cam, and levers and rods for imparting` motion from said cam to said sectors or segments, all substantially as specified.

et. In a machine lor making paper bags from a continuous roll of' paper, the combination of' mechanism for forming the sheet of' paper into a continuous tube, mechanism for feeding said tube through the machine, shears for cutting said tube into lengths to form bags, diagonalfolders mounted on shafts extending at an angle to said tube, gear-wheels mounted on said shafts, an oscillating shaft extending transversely to said tube and carrying gear-wheels engaging with the first said gear -whcels, a cam, and levers and rods for transmitting motion from said cam to said transverse shaft, all substantially as specified.

CHARLES HARRIS. JOSEPH FLETCHER. Ti tnesses:

J oHN I. GoYLE, H. WILLIAMS.

IOO 

